Designs, Period.
Section IVA: Heraldry (Basic)

All charted designs in this section are original.

A. Fess cotised: shield is 17 high by 16 wide
"Fess" is a horizontal stripe. A narrower style is the "bar," and narrower still is the "barrulet." "Cotised" is having extra stripes on each side; the term can be used for almost every stripe except the pale.

B. Pale endorsed: shield is 20 high by 20 wide
"Pale" is a vertical stripe and the narrower version is a "pallet." Pales are "endorsed" if having an extra stripe on each side.

C. Chief: shield is 14 high by 12 wide
A stripe across the top of the shield comprising up to a third of the shield.

D. Bend: shield is 17 high by 13 wide
A diagonal stripe from the dexter top (upper left) to the sinister base (lower right). The narrow version is a "bendlet," and the opposite diagonal is a "bend sinister."

E. Saltire: shield is 23 high by 19 wide
An "X" shape: a cross on the diagonal.

F. Pall: shield is 17 high by 15 wide
A three-armed stripe. If it stops short of the edge of the shield, it is termed a "shakefork."

G. Canton: shield is 12 high by 10 wide
A square in the upper dexter side of the shield.

H. Chevron: shield is 33 high by 25 wide
An upside down "V" stripe. The narrower version is a "chevronel."

I. Cross: shield is 9 high by 8 wide
See Plates 46 and 47 for versions that do not extend to the edges of the shield.

J. Pile: shield is 20 high by 17 wide
A wedge with the point in base (at the bottom).

K. Bordure: shield is 18 high by 14 wide
A border around the outside of the shield. An "orle" is a narrower border that does not touch the edge of the shield but runs inside it.

Plate 41. Lines of Division, Ermine Spots, and Furs

A. Dancetty: a wide zigzag, 14 repeat

B. Indented: a narrower zigzag, 6 repeat

C. Engrailed: scalloped with points outward, 6 repeat

D. Invected: scalloped with points inward, 6 repeat

E. Wavy or Undy: rounded zigzag, 8 repeat

F. Wavy or Undy: deeper wave, 8 repeat

G. Nebuly: shaped like clouds, 8 repeat

H. Potenty: "crutch-like" (compare "cross potent" or "potent" fur), 8 repeat

I. Dovetailed: as in the carpenter's joint, 6 repeat

J. Embattled: the crenellations on a castle wall, 6 repeat

K. Raguly: a slanted embattled, 8 repeat

Ermine Spots: "ermine" is black spots on a white background (from the black-tipped ermine tails used in the actual fur trim). "Ermines" is the term for white spots on black, "erminois" is for black spots on gold, and "pean" is for gold spots on black.
L. 6 high by 5 wide
M. 9 high by 5 wide
N. 9 high by 5 wide
O. 10 high by 5 wide
P. 11 high by 5 wide

"Vair" is based on a pattern of squirrel skins, gray top skin alternating with white underbelly skin. In heraldry, the colors used are blue and white, or the term is "vairy of" other colors and metals. "Potent" is also blue and white (or "potenty of" other colors); the term is from "potence," a crutch.

Q. Vair: 4 high for each row, 6 repeat

R. Vair: 6 high for each row, 10 repeat

S. Counter-vair: the colors in each row are repeated instead of alternated(based on Q)

T. Vair en point: the shapes are repeated instead of alternated (based on Q)

U. Potent: 4 high for each row, 8 repeat

V. Counter-potent (based on U)